Arbacadii March 25, 2020 hay’adaha IMF iyo Bankiga Addunka ayaa ku dhawaaqay in dowladda Soomaaliya ay qaadday tallaabooyinkii lagama maarmaanka u ahaa in dib loo hagaajiyo dhaqaalaha burburay, iyadoo deyntii lagu lahaa dalka ee ahayd 5.2 bilyan doolar laga soo reebi doono 577 malyan doolar 3 sanadood gudahooda.
Eric LeCompte oo u dooda deyncafinta dalalka saboolka ah ayaa yiri, “Deyncafinta Soomaaliya waa war aad u xiiso badan, balse soo raagtay” (Jubilee USA – 25/03/2020).
Haddaba, aan isweydiinnee maxay ka dhigan tahay gaaritaanka marxaladda “Decision Point” ee deyncafinta?
Dhowr sanadood ka hor, Soomaaliya uma qalmin barnaamijka deyncafinta dalalka saboolka ah; weliba dalku wuxuu qayb ka ahaa dalalka la takoorey (Eritrea iyo Sudan). Abril 2013kii, ayaa hay’adda IMFta aqoonsatay Dowladda Federalka Soomaaliya, kolkaas ayaana la bilaway toosinta howl-qabadka Bankiga Dhexe iyo dibuhabeynta nidaamka maaliyadda dalka.
Soddon sanadood ka dib, Bankiga Dhexe ee Soomaaliya waxuu xiriir toos ah la yeelan doonaa hay’adaha maaliyadda oo idil ee dunida, dalkana waxuu fursad u heli doonaa helitaanka ilaha dhaqaale oo dheeri ah. Go’aanka Guddiga Fulinta IMF waxuu durbadiiba u oggolaaday Soomaaliya lacag dhan 395.5 malyan doolar oo lagu taageerayo hirgelinta qorsha qaranka.
Sida la ogyahay, dalka waxaa qaan ku lahaa saddex kooxood oo kala ah: Paris Club (54%), non-Paris Club (13%) iyo Multilateral Institutions (33%). Qaantii “Multilateral Institutions”-ka oo ku hor gudbaneed in la gaaro xuduudda cafinta deynta ayaa la soo afjaray March 25, 2020, kaddib markii boqollaal dowladood oo ay ka mid yihiin Qadar, Canada, Bangladesh, Sir Lanka ay isku kaashadeen inay bixiyaan deyntii IMFta oo dhammeyd 330 malyan doolar.
Sidoo kale, Great Britain (UK), Talyaniga iyo Midowga Yurub ayaa March 5, 2020 isku biirsaday bixinta 122.55 malyan doolar oo Kooxda Bankiga Horumarinta Afrika (African Development Bank, African Development Fund iyo Nigeria Trust Fund) ay ku lahayd Soomaaliya. Halka October 2019, dowladda Norway ay amaahisay Soomaaliya lacag hormaris ah oo lagu bixiyay 365.9 malyan doolar oo ay ku lahayd laanta IDA ee Bankiga Adduunka.
December 2019, Madaxweyne Donald Trump ayaa saxeexay oggolaashaha wejiga 1aad ee deyncafinta Soomaaliya. Dowladda Maraykanka keligeed waxay dalka ku leedahay deyn dhan 1 bilyan doolar.
Waxaa la filayaa in dowladaha G7 sida France, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom iyo United States, oo ay wehliyaan amaah-bixiyeshaasha kale ee “Paris Club” sida Denmark, Netherlands, Norway iyo Spain ay madasha naadiga ee March 31, 2020 ka gaari doonan go’aan deynta Soomaaliya ay ku leeyihiin.
Sida uu sheegay Wasiirka Maaliyadda DFS, dalku wuxuu gorgortan gaar ah kula jiraa dowladda Ruushka oo ka mid ah amah-bixiyeyaasha “Paris Club.” Dowladda Shiinaha ayaa horey u cafisay deynteedii (IMF Country Report No. 15/208).
Sideedba, marxaladda “Decision Point” waxaa la gaaraa marka IMF iyo Bankiga Adduunka ay ku qancaan dadaalka hirgelinta dibuhabayn dhaqaalaha iyo maaliyadda. Soomaaliya waxay ku qaadatay muddo dhan 8 sanadood, waana dalkii 37aad oo soo taabtay yoolkaas. Ra’iisul-wasaare Xasan Cali Khayre ayaa yiri, “Gaaritaanka marxaladda Decision Point, ayaa ah guulihii ugu weynaa ee Soomaaliya iyo dadkeedaba ay gaareen soddonkii sanadood ee la soo dhaafay”.
Warkaas waxaa xaqiijinaya, in IMFta lacag dhan 50 malyan doolar oo ay ugu talo gashay la dagaallanka masiibada CoronaVirus, aysan Soomaaliya u qalmi lahayn haddii aysan soo buuxin lahayn shuruudaha marxaladda “Decision Point.”
Dakhliga dalka oo si lixaad leh u kordhay (29%), ayaa muujinaya in Soomaaliya ay hiigsanayso isku fillaasho. Waddada deyncafinta waa mid aad u dheer oo qallafsan, taas oo mararka qaarkood keeni karta in dal lagu soo rogo shuruudo aad u adag.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marxaladda qalin jibinta oo loo yaqaan “completion point,” waxaa la gaaraa marka hay’adda “International Financial Institution (IFI)” ay ku qanacdo dadaalka dibuhabeynta dhaqaalaha dalka, taas oo lagu kasban karo Deyncafis lagama noqdaan ah– “Irrevocable debt relief.” Haddaba si loo daboolo baahiyada horumarineed ee dalka, dibuhabeyntu dhaqaalaha waa inay diiradda saartaa xoojinta nidaamka maaliyadda dalka.
Inta badan, si loo gaaro marxaladda “Completion Point,” waxay qaadataa afar sano iyo bar, laga bilaabo maalintii dalka uu gaaray “Decision Point” oo ah March 25, 2020. Balse dalal ay ka mid yihiin Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Mozambique iyo Tanzania ayaa ku guuleystay inay gaaraan yoolkaas muddo ka yar laba sanadood.
Dalba dalka uu ka wacyi-gelin ogyahay dadkiisa, ayuu kaga guuleysan ogyahay xallinta deynta iyo horumarinta dhaqaalaha, waxaase walaac ka taagan yahay sidii loo yareyn lahaa doodaha aan bisayl ku salaysan ee siyaasiyiinta, kuwaas oo marar badan isku hafa danaha qaranka iyo tan shakhsiga. Dowladda Federalka waxay u baahan tahay inay kasbato taageerada dadweynaha ee siyaasadda deyncafinta, si dardar loo geliyo dibuhabeynta dhaqaalaha dalka.
W/Q Cabdulqaadir Cariif Qaasim
Xafiiska Shabakada Allbanaadir.com
Muqdisho Somalia
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